Is a new Walmart a good thing for a community Essay

Is a new Walmart a good thing for a community - Essay Example on, the company serves towards the betterment of the community by providing jobs and ensuring environmental sustainability in its operational processes. To ensure environmental sustainability, Walmart has abandoned the sale of deodorant sticks in cardboard boxes and made use of the concept of greener buildings to establish its stores. The company also engages in Corporate Social Responsibility on a regular basis (Goetz, n.d.). Despite such advantages to the community, Walmart is engaged in a number of problems such as exploitation of labor, which is treated as a negative attribute from the perspective of the community. Moreover, in Walmart, there exists discrimination of worker in terms of gender and age. The company has an increased level of unemployment leading to higher rates of poverty and lower welfare spending. Furthermore, Walmart erodes business centers situated in downtown, which can be considered another factor behind the neglect of the community. Despite promoting environmental sustainability, Walmart itself is engaged in increased environmental degradation, against the communal perspective. In South America, fish farms located across the nation and have led to a rise in obesity rates by 2.4% points for which Walmart is responsible (Goetz, n.d.). Considering the advantages of the company and its comparison with the disadvantages, it can be identified that the company has adopted different measu res based on which the company is able to perform operations with environment consciousness and sustainability. In this context, Walmart can be considered as a good thing for the

American Beauty Film Critique Essay Example for Free

American Beauty Film Critique Essay There are few films that achieve the high level of quality exhibited by that of the 1990 beautiful tragedy, American Beauty. The film is a true masterpiece in both content and how this content is delivered to the viewers. It excels at being an enlightening and relevant drama about American life, and never fails to keep the audience entertained by providing many instances of well-placed humor. Every scene is filmed including metaphoric elements that not only show great stylistic and aesthetics, but also create a mood and feeling for the theme of the movie. American Beauty, directed by Sam Mendes, is a film that is set in suburban America, in a normal neighbourhood, following the everyday life of the central protagonist, Lester Burnham, who is living the typical ‘American Dream’. He appears to have a great job, big house, loving wife and daughter and even a white picket fence. However, all is not as it seems as appearance can often be deceiving; if we just â€Å"look closer†, we as audience members soon see that he realises both his wife, over bearing and controlling Carolyn and jaded teenage daughter, Jane think that, in the words of Jane, he is â€Å"this gigantic loser† and they’re right. The character of Lester is initially portrayed as a depressed, sad and lonely forty-year-old man, deprived of freedom and struggling to find anything worth living for. However as the film progresses Lester’s persona as a character is dramatically developed with the introduction of an equally intriguing character, Angela Hayes. Everything changes for Lester the night he is forced by his wife to his daughters school to see her perform as a cheerleader. There on the floor, engrossed in a pompon routin, parading and dancing around the court, he sees his ‘angel’: Angela his daughters high-school classmate. Angela fulfills the stereotypical idea of what beauty physical beauty is. She is thin, blonde, big blue-eyed and immediately catches Lester’s attention; Angela is not Lesters highway to bliss, but she is at least a catalyst for his freedom (Ebert, 1999). His thoughts, and the dissatisfaction they stimulate, blast him free from years of emotional torture and bring him right back to his youth. It is from this moment on that Lester transforms into a spontaneous hormone-driven teenage boy, who smokes marihuana, works out, and uits his job all in order to impress his Angel-a. American Beauty uses Angela as the image of Lester’s broader want; that being his underlying desire for freedom and evidentially beauty. However, she symbolizes the potential underlying superficiality of physical beauty that is slowly revealed towards the end of the film. The film portrays many of the hidden problems within the white picket fence American dream along with addressing the problems many Am ericans have with feeling free and accepting their own identity. The film shows the vastly different worlds that people can live in whilst still living on the same street, and the disorder and frenzy that lies veiled in a society that we all try to portray as being as perfect as possible. In doing so, American Beauty reveals that the only way to calm the chaos is to find beauty in everything. To â€Å"look closer† is a must for truly understanding and identifying with the continuous bombardment of symbolism that is constantly being illustrated in this film. American Beauty portrays such themes as the falseness in lust, power and appearance and that we need to remind our selves â€Å"†¦of all the beauty there is in the world†, as beauty is a matter of opinion. Beauty however, is the most significant and explored theme in American Beauty. Another prevailing theme is the notion of the characters journey and transformation throughout the film. Lester’s journey can almost be compared to one from childhood from adulthood, figuratively speaking as evidentially, he steps into a mature, paternal phase where he takes responsibility and finds meaning in life, as an adult. Many techniques were used to portray these themes and influence audiences opinions of characters and events, including film techniques of cinematography, soundtrack as well as such visual techniques of symbolism, colour and contrast and both aesthetic and stylistic elements. American Beauty is a complex film that relies so heavily on mis-en-scene and cinematography to portray its message. In particular this is showcased during one scene that truly puts the ‘American Beauty’ into perspective; the opening scene or as it is often referred to as, the â€Å"High Point Scene†. The film explores the concepts of what true beauty really is and as suggested in the title of the film, the American Dream and how far this ‘dream’ really goes and what it actually means; this is explored further from the films tagline â€Å"look closer†; to think about perceived desire and to analyze more what these wants are. Through the exploration of the opening scene and a study of how the cinematography, mise en scene and sound foreshadows plot points in the rest of the film, the underlying messages and symbolism will be uncovered. The movie opens with a grainy shot of Jane Burnham reclining on a bed, complaining about her father. The scene begins with what is referred to as a flash forward, in cinematic terms. The line â€Å"Someone really should just put him out of his misery† is a hint towards the mid life crisis that the father Lester is currently going through and the ways in which she is aware of the pain he is dealing with, not knowing what he truly wants. Through the mise en scene and cinematography displayed throughout the scene, the audience is enabled to receive a glimpse into the events that have just occurred. Through the use of a lesser quality picture, shaky footage and dimmed lighting the audience is able to identify with the fact that the imagery being presented has that of a ‘home movie’ feel. The utilization of ‘raw footage’ within this drama genre of film gives the audience a sense of reality towards the character, hence making the dialogue seem more legitimate and believable. The addition of a pause into the characters dialogue helps to support and express the sense of ‘reality’ further, as it is as if she is really thinking about what she is saying. The rather ambiguous approach to the delivering of the line â€Å"You want me to kill him for you? † helps to draw attention to Jane’s reaction as apposed to the interviewers own intensions. This poses both Jane Burnham, the daughter and the unidentified interviewer as suspects to her father’s upcoming murder. However the abstruse approach from the interviewer combined with the daughters reply is foreshadowing what is to come later in the film, as each character related to the father is set up to be the possible murderer of his death. By using the body language as a primary tool for communication, the reply of â€Å"Yeah, would you† to the previous statement, suggests that she is almost daring the interviewer to kill him. This is expressed through the dominant changing of levels when she sits up, almost creating a shift in power, and looks down and straight into the camera, but at the same time also insinuates some sarcasm on her part. The audience learns in the very first lines of the movie that Jane’s dad, Lester, is not the father that she wants. The opening credits roll, and the shot switches to an aerial view of a neighborhood. The exact location is not specified, and that is very intentional. It is important that this not be a critique of a specific area, but of American culture as a whole. The scene begins with an aerial shot of a suburb, with Lester Burnham introducing the audience to his life and informing them that In less than a year, Ill be dead, and in a way, Im dead already. This dialogue is heightened through the following shots of Lester lying alone on a bed in a very dull coloured room, thus signifying the meaninglessness life in which he is leading. The utilization of an aerial shot here creates the idea that the world is looking down on him. The dominant use of bright lighting also indicates that it is the morning, however through the use of shadowing casted over Lester, it expressed to the audience that he is still in ‘the dark’; he is yet to be enlightened. Visual techniques are a constant feature in American Beauty, including the use of colour, contrast and symbolism. The primary recurring prop that is introduced at the beginning of the film is a rose, in which the audience first sees in a close up before Lesters wife Carolyn Burnham picks it up. The first shot of the rose seems out of place, beginning with the flower filling the frame and then moving down to focus on the thorns before Carolyn’s clippers cut it. The rose symbolizes the impotence of not only the love life between Lester and Carolyn but the idea of the American Dream. This shot not only draws attention to the rose as a recurring object in the film, but it also serves as a metaphor for the Burnhams: on the outside they appear perfect, like the flower, but underneath they are rotten and broken (represented by the thorns). In this shot the character of Carolyn is also introduced and is instantly perceived as a cold, workaholic who is obsessive about how they (the family) is presented. This portrayal is demonstrated through the line â€Å"See the way the handle on those pruning shears matches her gardening clogs? That’s not an accident†, thus showing the audience what level she will go to, to maintain order and control. What is also noticeable about this shot is the mise en scene, in particular the red roses, white picket fences and the blue painting on the house. These colours in specific represent the American flag and therefore the American dream. These objects are most perceived to be included within the American dream as well as stereotypical figure of Carolyn, the suburban housewife. This ideology however, creates contrast with the cinematography. Many scenes are metaphoric in how they are shot, and what is in the frame symbolizes a higher, deeper meaning. This is demonstrated when, Lester looking out the window of his house at his wife, and the blinds on the window represent jail cell bars. Even the blocks of text on his computer screen at work, (shown later in the film) represent jail cell bars. Lester is â€Å"in jail† because his life at this point is so empty and missing substance. This cinematography technique often used in film nior is utilized to convey the emotions of disassociation and distance which in this case, is the way in which Lester feels towards his wife; he is no longer associated with her. American Beauty is more than a biting satire on suburban life. This somewhat contrived story is meant to be an allegory. Alan Balls richly textured screenplay, brilliantly executed stylistic and aesthetic elements such as cinematography, mise en scene and symbols are effectively demonstrated throughout this masterpiece of a film. Every single shot is so carefully taken and layered with such vast significance that it is a marvel to behold. â€Å"Look closer, the films tag line tells us. Look closer at the beautiful things we yearn for and spend our life chasing. There isn’t a single example of a film done better. Not only is the content top-notch, but the technical aspects of the movie are excellent as well. American Beauty truly demonstrates the power of film.

Essay --

The Manhattan Project was one of the first outlets America used to show the era of scientific triumph. The directors of this project, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Albert Einstein, Leo Szilard and General Groves played a big contribution in the outcome of World War II. I have researched the argument of(that) the Manhattan Project being(was) vital for the legitimate ending to World War II. While other(s) some(take out some amd put could) say(that) they could have not dropped the second bomb, or(take out or) since Japanese Prime Minister Suzuki formed a new War cabinet to bring the war to end on its own. (Stoff, Michael B., Fanton, Jonathon, F., William, Hal, R., EDT. Al. 1991, p. 1991). This project had many different components for it to run successfully. Components such as theology and applied sciences were used. Oppenheimer was the main administrator credited to put the organization together. I will cover how(take out how) the time periods from 1938 (the discovery of Nuclear Fission) to 1 945 (when the atomic bombs were dropped on Japan.) This major contribution is important today because the technology and the leap of science were emphasized greatly during the war. I will also be covering some results and life after the two bombs(were) set off. In the book â€Å"The Manhattan Project† by Jeff Hughes, during the 1930s, America was not the only country to research the secrets of nuclear transmutation. This justifies one of my points that the bombs were not a rational decision made by the Truman administration. The elements and materials needed to create the atomic bombs were not only the U.S’s call. Discoveries(that were) made in a short amount of time and having to put a team together to make the world’s first weapons of mass destruction is ... ...the military advantage of this war.† (Compton, 1945) It was better to demonstrate the bombs in the most non-lethal (way) to gain international control. James Frank a physicist pull(pled) together a committee (along with Leo Szilard) that wrote up a rejection of the surprise attack on Japan. They suggested they should demonstrate the power of the bomb on a random island. Martin Sherwin argued that the Frank committee shared the same views as President Truman, were(where) an attack on Japan would shock the Russians. (Compton, 1945) Even though the Russians had spies aware of the Manhattan project way before the bomb was developed, so(take out so) it would (not) have no(take out no) mattered. According to Truman’s Memoirs (The Manhattan Project, 1991) he mention to Joseph Stalin about having some powerful weapon device, the Soviet Leader didn’t really get surprised. Essay -- The Manhattan Project was one of the first outlets America used to show the era of scientific triumph. The directors of this project, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Albert Einstein, Leo Szilard and General Groves played a big contribution in the outcome of World War II. I have researched the argument of(that) the Manhattan Project being(was) vital for the legitimate ending to World War II. While other(s) some(take out some amd put could) say(that) they could have not dropped the second bomb, or(take out or) since Japanese Prime Minister Suzuki formed a new War cabinet to bring the war to end on its own. (Stoff, Michael B., Fanton, Jonathon, F., William, Hal, R., EDT. Al. 1991, p. 1991). This project had many different components for it to run successfully. Components such as theology and applied sciences were used. Oppenheimer was the main administrator credited to put the organization together. I will cover how(take out how) the time periods from 1938 (the discovery of Nuclear Fission) to 1 945 (when the atomic bombs were dropped on Japan.) This major contribution is important today because the technology and the leap of science were emphasized greatly during the war. I will also be covering some results and life after the two bombs(were) set off. In the book â€Å"The Manhattan Project† by Jeff Hughes, during the 1930s, America was not the only country to research the secrets of nuclear transmutation. This justifies one of my points that the bombs were not a rational decision made by the Truman administration. The elements and materials needed to create the atomic bombs were not only the U.S’s call. Discoveries(that were) made in a short amount of time and having to put a team together to make the world’s first weapons of mass destruction is ... ...the military advantage of this war.† (Compton, 1945) It was better to demonstrate the bombs in the most non-lethal (way) to gain international control. James Frank a physicist pull(pled) together a committee (along with Leo Szilard) that wrote up a rejection of the surprise attack on Japan. They suggested they should demonstrate the power of the bomb on a random island. Martin Sherwin argued that the Frank committee shared the same views as President Truman, were(where) an attack on Japan would shock the Russians. (Compton, 1945) Even though the Russians had spies aware of the Manhattan project way before the bomb was developed, so(take out so) it would (not) have no(take out no) mattered. According to Truman’s Memoirs (The Manhattan Project, 1991) he mention to Joseph Stalin about having some powerful weapon device, the Soviet Leader didn’t really get surprised.

A Poets History :: essays research papers fc

Erik Uriegas  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ms, Sharp English 4 Period 7 10-31-03 A Poet’s History William Shakespeare was a very mysterious man. Most of the information about his life is unknown. Some information is lost and never to be found. His plays are continuously being performed today. William Shakespeare was not just a playwriter but also a poet and actor. All of these accomplishment without ever attending a college or university. His early life was at Stratford on Avon and he was educated at a free gramer school in Stratford. Treated well by his father and mother who was middle class. Grown to have marriages, kids, and become one of historys best play writers. Stratford on Avon at a time of William Shakespeare’s birth was a village of about two thousand inhabitants. Stratford on Avon is about eighty miles away from London. William Shakespeares year of birth was 1564. He was baptized the twenty-sixed of April. William was the third child to be born. He had twin sisters who were elder but died at infancy. The name Shakespeare appears to have been common in the west midlands. William Shakespeare left his family about four years after his marriage to Anna Hathaway at the age of eighteen, and came to London for better family fortunes. At this time London had gone prosperous under the reign. Shakespeare hoped upward Stratford could have held little for him now that his father’s enterprises had faded. During the years William Shakespeare detached himself gradually from his London Associates (â€Å"William†, 3). Irving Robner quoted,†Shakespeare growth as a tragicdramastic growth in moral vision (â€Å"Bergeron†, 74). Shakespeare grandfather was a tenant farmer; his daughter’s husband was altered knighthood (â€Å"Kay†, 17). The Shakespeare family history is a textbook case of that upward social mobility that was so common in Renaissance England. William Shakespeare’s education is known to be vague. There was a free grammer school at Stratford, to which, as the, son of his father he would have been entitled to free admission. Aubrey, who is entirely unsupported even states that William Shakespeare was a schoolmaster himself. When William was about thirteen years old his father took him out of school and put him to work so he can help the family who got onto some financial difficulties. William Shakespeare has never been proven to have attended a college or a university. His mentality and work has been proven to be a solid education (â€Å"William†, 2).

Plato vs. Aristotle Essay

Plato and Aristotle, two philosophers in the 4th century, hold polar views on politics and philosophy in general. This fact is very cleverly illustrated by Raphael’s â€Å"School of Athens† (1510-11; Stanza della Segnatura, Vatican), where Plato is portrayed looking up to the higher forms; and Aristotle is pointing down because he supports the natural sciences. In a discussion of politics, the stand point of each philosopher becomes an essential factor. It is not coincidental that Plato states in The Republic that Philosopher Rulers who possess knowledge of the good should be the governors in a city state. His strong interest in metaphysics is demonstrated in The Republic various times: for example, the similes of the cave, the sun, and the line, and his theory of the forms. Because he is so involved in metaphysics, his views on politics are more theoretical as opposed to actual. Aristotle, contrarily, holds the view that politics is the art of ruling and being ruled in turn. In The Politics, he attempts to outline a way of governing that would be ideal for an actual state. Balance is a main word in discussing Aristotle because he believes it is the necessary element to creating a stable government. His less metaphysical approach to politics makes Aristotle more in tune with the modern world, yet he is far from modern. Plato’s concept of what politics and government should be is a direct result of his belief in the theory of forms. The theory of forms basically states that there is a higher â€Å"form† for everything that exists in the world. Each material thing is simply a representation of the real thing which is the form. According to Plato, most people cannot see the forms, they only see their representation or their shadows, as in the simile of the cave. Only those who love knowledge and contemplate on the reality of things will achieve understanding of the forms. Philosophers, who by definition are knowledge lovers, are the only beings who can reach true knowledge. This concept has to be taken a step further because in The Republic, Plato states that philosophers should be the rulers since they are the only ones who hold the form of the good. Plato seems to be saying that it is not enough to know the forms of tables or trees, one must know the greatest form–form of the good–in order to rule. The reasoning is: if you know the good, then you will do the good. Therefore, philosopher rulers are by far the most apt to rule. In The Republic, Plato builds around the idea of Philosopher Rulers. Even though it is not his primary point, it certainly is at the core of his discussion of the ideal state. The question that arises is, ‘Why do you need ideal states which will have philosophers as rulers? ‘ There are many layers to the answer of this question. The first thing is that a state cannot be ideal without having philosophers as rulers. This answer leads to the question, ‘Then why do you need ideal states to begin with? ‘ The Republic starts with a discussion of Justice which leads to the creation of the ideal state. The reason why an ideal state is needed is to guarantee the existence of Justice. This does not mean, though, that there cannot be states without Justice. Actually, Plato provides at least two reasons why the formation of a state cannot be avoided. These are: 1. human beings are not self-sufficient so they need to live in a social environment, and 2.each person has a natural aptitude for a specified task and should concentrate on developing it (The Republic, pp 56-62). Although a person is not self-sufficient, a composition of people–a state–satisfies the needs of all its members. Furthermore, members can specialize on their natural fortitudes and become more productive members of society. States are going to form, whether purposefully or coincidentally. For this reason, certain rules have to be enacted for the well-being of the state. The main way to institutionalize rules is through government and in the form of laws. Plato’s The Republic is not an explication of laws of the people. It is a separation of power amongst three classes–Rulers, Auxiliaries, Commoners–that makes the most of each person’s natural abilities and strives for the good of the community. The point is to create a harmonious unity amongst the three classes which will lead to the greater good of the community and, consequently, each individual. The three classes are a product of different aptitude levels for certain tasks amid various individuals. Plato assigns different political roles to different members of each class. It appears that the only classes that are allowed to participate in government are the Auxiliaries and, of course, the Philosopher Rulers. The lower class does not partake in politics because they are not mentally able. In other words, they do not understand the concept of the forms. Thus, it is better to allow the Philosophers, who do have this knowledge, to lead them. Providing food and abode for the Guardians is the only governmental responsibility the lower class has. The Auxiliaries are in charge of the military, police, and executive duties. Ruling and making laws is reserved for the Philosopher Rulers whose actions are all intended for the good of the state. To ensure that public good continues to be foremost on each Ruler’s agenda, the Rulers live in community housing, hold wives/children in common, and do not own private property. The separation of classes is understood by everybody Self-interest, which could be a negative factor in the scheme of things, is eliminated through a very moral oriented education system. All these provisions are generated to maintain unity of the state. The most extravagant precaution that Plato takes is the Foundation Myth of the metals. By making the people believe, through a myth, that the distinction of each class is biological as well as moral, Plato reassures that there won’t be any disruption in the harmony of the state. Whereas Plato’s The Republic is a text whose goal is to define Justice and in doing so uses the polis, Aristotle’s The Politics’s sole function is to define itself–define politics. Aristotle begins his text by answering the question: â€Å"Why does the state exist? † His answer is that the state is the culmination of natural associations that start with the joining of man and woman (â€Å"pair†), which have a family and form a â€Å"household†; households unite and form villages; villages unite and form the state. This natural order of events is what is best because it provides for the needs of all the individuals. Aristotle, like Plato, believes that a person is not self-reliant. This lack of sufficiency is the catalyst in the escalating order of unions among people. In The Politics, it appears that Aristotle is not very set on breaking down society. His argument says that there are different classes in society, but they are naturally defined. For example, he devotes a lot of time to an explanation of the â€Å"naturalness† of slaves and their role in society. Aristotle is also very sexist and explicitly states so. His view is that women are inferior to men in all senses. Perhaps the most pertaining to our discussion is the citizen, whose role is purely political. Both Plato and Aristotle seem to agree that some people are not capable of practicing an active role in political life. Plato’s reason is that the lower class is not mentally adept for the intricacies of higher knowledge on the good. Aristotle seems to base his opinion on a more political issue. He believes that only those that fully participate in their government should be considered citizens of the state. For this reason, he excludes workers as citizens because they would not have the required time to openly participate in politicking. The Aristotelian polis, as opposed to Plato’s, is a city with a large middle class which promotes stability and balances the conflicting claims of the poor and the rich. Aristotle combines elements of democracy with elements of aristocracy, again to balance opposing claims. Because he is aware that human interest is an inextricable entity, the distribution of scarce and valuable goods is in proportion to contribution to the good of the polis. This system provides for the self interested who believe that those who work harder should receive more. Another point is that the citizens rule and are ruled in turn, insofar as the mixed social system allows. This is permissible because of the strong involvement of the citizens in government; it is what one would call a â€Å"true democracy. † Overall, a spirit of moderation prevails. The philosophies of Aristotle and Plato have been around for over sixteen centuries, yet today it is difficult to find specific instances where either philosophy is applied. This may be a result of the fact that today’s political philosophy differs from both philosopher’s. While Aristotle and Plato uphold the good of the community or state above individual good, today’s constitution includes a bill of rights that guarantees the rights of each individual in the nation. Having these individual rights is a necessity for today’s citizens. Going back in history to 1787 will show that one of the reasons there was controversy in the ratification of the constitution was that it did not include a Bill of Rights. When the drafters promised that as soon as the constitution was ratified, a Bill of Rights would be added, the doubting states proceeded to ratify it. According to Plato and Aristotle, a Bill of Rights is not necessary because it does not improve the good of the community. Another point of discrepancy between the philosophers and today’s society involves the topic of slavery. Aristotle argues for the naturalness of slavery in The Politics, yet slavery has been considered grotesque for quite some time. In correlation to slavery, there is the undermining of the female population by Aristotle. Although Plato is a lot less discriminatory, he also believes women are the sub-species. While women have had to fight endless battles to achieve the recognition they deserve, today it is a well accepted fact (generally) that women are as capable as men in performing tasks. Naturally, since Aristotle and Plato have been around for such a long time, our society certainly contains some of their influences in a general sense. For example, today it is believed that certain people are born with certain capacities. Intelligence has been attributed to genetics. Because of the different intelligence levels among people, we have different classes–for example: advanced, intermediate, and beginners. In their appropriate level, each person develops his or her abilities to the highest potential. This concept is sometimes at odds with the ideal of equality, ie. we are all human beings. Yet, in essence, it does not take away from the ideal because we are all humans, but we differ in certain capacity levels to complete tasks. Plato’s and Aristotle’s philosophy have helped shape present thought, though, by no means, mandate our practices. The philosophers are very community oriented while we value the individual. Besides differing with today’s standards, each philosopher is in his own way distinct. Plato is very attracted to metaphysical philosophy, while Aristotle is much more methodical. Both perspective views are and will continue to puzzle students for years to come.

A Complete Guide on Writing a Zoology Essay

A Complete Guide on Writing a Zoology Essay Students, who are taking Zoology classes as a part of college or university program, are assigned with the tasks to accomplish zoology essay from time to time. Zoology is a branch of biology that studies taxonomy, the history, the interactions and the clarification of all biological organisms. When you receive the task to write a Zoology essay, you’re supposed to be aware of how to comprehend the genes and the well-known evolution theory together with having efficient chemistry knowledge in order to produce a complete project. In other words, Zoology essay provides you with an opportunity to boost your scientific skills and critically assess lab results and scientific literature. As you learn how to craft a Zoology essay, it is highly important to provide the piece that is written in strict accordance with the subject. The project is a great tool to prove that this discipline plays a crucial part in an outcome on the environment. So, learn how to tackle your writing with this zoology essay guide and tips. The Preparation: Zoology Essay Topic Ideas from Our Writers In most cases, college instructors provide students with an opportunity to select their own topic to focus their writing on. Everyone loves animals, which means writing an essay on Zoology should be quite easy. You have to conduct research on the basis of the subject that you explore and build up a detailed project without the necessity to memorize any complex formula or rules. If you’re having a hard time trying to select an interesting Zoology theme, there are some sources to consult so you will not waste your time. You can watch documentaries about the chosen area to find inspiration or consider the following topics that may be suitable for you: Male Pregnancy: Is There Any Chance? Without a doubt, many of your college mates know that in some species the male is the one who carries the pregnancy. The pregnancy of a seahorse could be the subject of conversation. Animal Abuse No matter how obvious the topic is, having a fresh look at one may become a good source for ideas. Should the government apply strict laws against animal abuse? Dinosaurs: Say NO to Sci-Fi Films It’s highly recommended to keep away from all the sci-fi movies, no matter how much you love Jurassic Park (no, it’s not the real thing!). Make sure to bring some scientific information to the surface. The Jungle Hierarchy So, the question actually is†¦how to the fluffy ones establish which one is the strongest? Exotic Pets to Become Domesticated Ones There are individuals, who see nothing wrong in growing cheetahs and crocodiles in their houses. What do you have to say about that? Most Intelligent Animal on Earth. This Zoology essay can be really fun if you try to detect the smartest animal by comparing the representatives of different species. The Deathly Beauty. A lot of famous brands keep on testing their products by poisoning and killing animals in terrible tests. Maybe your essay will help your mates change their viewpoints, and (who knows) maybe the issue will be finally solved. Endangered Species in Central America. There are dozens of those around the world, but make sure to give your preference to a particular part of the globe and focus on investigating it. Blue Whales. Meet the largest creature ever found in the sea. What is more, the Blue whale is the largest creature that people know at the present days. In contrast to what the majority of people tend to believe, even though these beautiful creatures live in the sea, they are animals. Use your Zoology essay to tell your readers why. The Differences between Butterflies and Moths. You’ve definitely believed these tiny creatures are similar on the surface. But the reality is that they are actually quite different. An Overview of the Mesozoic Era. So many things have been said about one, but who knows maybe your own research will bring something new to a contemporary world. The Pre-Writing Stage When dealing with the disciplines like Zoology, you need to keep in mind that you create your essay on the basis of the knowledge of your predecessors and provide it with the â€Å"roof† that will serve as the source of information for your successors. In order to conduct a thorough research for your project, you have to follow the principles of the scientific method, while incorporating reasoned argument and empirical techniques. Writing on the so-called division of biology, you should also take into account the established scholarly work. Nowadays, there are dozens of zoological literature pieces available and this will 100% be your first to-do point. You will have to research the topic you’ve chosen in order to gain as much understanding of it as you can. Let’s say, you’ve given your preference to the topic ‘The Prey†Wrapping Behavior Evolution of in Spiders’ and you think it’s a good fit for Zoology class. Now, make sure to note down everything you find in both printed and online sources that might be relevant. The note-taking will help you to make certain your assertions are corroborated, while all the figures and facts are accurate. Since Zoology essays require scrupulous attention to details, the tiniest error may cast doubts on the correctness of the whole research. You may provide various stats and figures on what certain findings imply, but you’re not allowed to give general information that won’t let the readers interpret the information appropriately. In case of the essays dedicated to arachnids, feel free to mention that ‘Almost all spiders carry venom, but their purpose is not to attack humans, but to stun or kill their insect. In fact, of all the known spider species, only about 25 are believed to have venom that affects humans. Moreover, the 2 best-known venomous spiders in the U.S.- the black widow and the brown recluse- have not yet been proven to have killed in more than 2 decades. (Walker C. (2004) Spider Sense: Fast Facts on Extreme Arachnids. National Geographic News. https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/06/0623_040623_spiderfacts.html)’ instead of ‘Almost all spiders carry venom, but its purpose is to stun or kill their insect prey, not to attack humans. Of the known spider species, only some of them are thought to have venom that has an effect on humans. The best-known venomous spiders in the U.S. have not been proven to have caused any deaths recently’. Thus, even if your target audience won’t agree with your research methods, they won’t be able to challenge the facts and figures that you mention. Make sure to clarify your methodology and re-check all information that you mention to get 100% guarantee what you’re doing it right. What is more important, you can highlight any potential gaps in your research. Thus, you will prove you’re fully aware of all critical vulnerabilities and that you know how to minimize them. The Outline A solid outline for Zoology essay details every topic and subtopic of your project, putting this points into order so that they build your argument toward a reasonable conclusion. Providing a strong outline also helps to concentrate on the task at hand and keep away from useless paragraphs, unnecessary figures, and logical fallacies. Develop an effective thesis statement in order to express the key focus of the project and give an arguable claim. Mind that a good thesis should include no more than one sentence and should not state facts that are well-known to everyone or a matter of taste. For instance, something like ‘Spider can precisely design rigorous and functional webs’ won’t work because it simply states a fact while ‘Spiders have strikingly beautiful appearance’ expresses a matter of taste that most people are not even going to agree with. Introduction Of course, the introduction of Zoology essay should gradually introduce the topic to your target audience. The introduction should ensure that the readers comprehend what the project is about. To implement this part in the most effective manner, you have to present it step by step. Limit your intro to a paragraph or two. This is long enough to give a quick overview of the subject that you’ve researched. In discovering how to craft a Zoology essay, you will see the importance of providing a strong hook. You want to draw in your target audience so they are compelled with your content. A good hook can be something interesting, such a powerful quote, a question or an amazing fact. The facts that ‘Spiders have blue blood’, ‘Some male spiders provide the females with dead flies†¦as special presents’ or ‘For its weight, spider web silk is tougher and stronger than steel’ would serve as an excellent hook and a perfect opening for your essay. The Body This is the part of your Zoology essay where you’re required to disclose the chosen topic in details. Becoming skilled at how to write an essay for this discipline provides you with an opportunity to discuss various organisms more precisely. In the body of the Zoology paper, the author needs to explain various experiments dissections conducted to prove the theory of life. It is important to mention that this type of college assignment has more impact if provided with illustrations and diagrams. For instance, if you choose to write on ‘Cell Membrane Structure And Functions’, make certain to discuss cell life forms and cell division. Or, if your paper is dedicated to ‘Animals Genetics: The Study of Heredity’, get ready to discuss how the genes and the environment come together to shape animal behavior. The Conclusion Make sure to signal to your target audience that the essay coming to an end. In order to do so, you have to use the so-called transition from the body part to the conclusive section. Keep in mind that the transition should be simple and concise, and contain no clichà ©s like ‘To sum up’, ‘To conclude’, ‘In conclusion’, ‘In summary’, etc. There’s nothing wrong in using them, but your task is to turn on your creativity and provide a memorable and reasonable conclusion. It is recommended to conclude the Zoology essay by setting your discussion into a larger and different context. For example, you might end your Zoology essay by stating that scientific zoology really started in the sixteenth century with the progress of the medical studies of psychology and anatomy, as well as awakening of the new spirit of observation and exploration and link it to the current news of the field. The References Making citations is a must when it comes to Zoology essays. There are quite some citation and formatting styles ranging from MLA and APA. Thus, you have to be keen on the style required by the tutor. The referencing style will depend on the area you’re engaged in. For example, APA is used in education, sciences, and psychology: Kimberly Hickok, Staff Writer. Amazon Wasp with Enormous Stinger May Just Haunt Your Nightmares. Live Science, 2018. Host-Parasite Coevolution: Why Changing Population Size Matters. Zoology, Volume 119, Issue 4, August 2016, Pages 330-338. Finalizing Your Zoology Essay When you’re done with your assignment, it’s time to revise it. A thorough revision will help you to ensure the content is free from errors. A traditional method of review is an in-depth proofreading. The latter provides you with an opportunity to analyze your content and fix the errors if possible. The structure of the essay, the punctuation, the grammar, and style are the key aspects to take into account in the process of paper revision. It is very advantageous to schedule enough time needed to edit and proofread the piece before you hand it in. It is as important as having your Zoology essay properly referenced and authentic.

Three Waves Of Ska Essays - Jamaican Music, Ska, Rocksteady, Reggae

Three Waves Of Ska Essays - Jamaican Music, Ska, Rocksteady, Reggae Three Waves of Ska Music is one medium through which a generation can express itself. For a generation of suppressed, restless, working-class youths living in early 1960's Jamaica, this voice was a genre of music known as ska. Since its original appearance, ska has resurfaced twice. Ska music has been presented to three generations of fans in three separate "waves." Its humble beginnings lead to one of the most influential styles of music present in the world. By 1962, Jamaica was no longer under British rule. Jamaican culture and music began to reflect the new found optimism in its independence. Since the early 1940's, Jamaica had adopted and adapted many forms of American musical styles. The predominantly black inhabitants of Jamaica took a liking to rhythm and blues music (Davis and Simon 38), and with imported American records, "enterprising businessmen attempted to string up small sound systems consisting of radio, turntable, and independent speaker boxes" (Davis and Simon 38). These portable sound systems provided entertainment at dance halls. Owners of different sound systems competed against each other at the halls. The sound systems were run by two individuals, the deejay and the selector, dressed in "spangled waistcoats, black leather Dracula capes, imitation ermine robes, Lone Ranger masks, and rhinestone-studded crowns" (White 4). The deejay job was to introduce each record and to enhance the rhythm of the music! by chanting along with the record. Selectors chose records and used the controls to increase or decrease bass, treble, or volume. Musicians picked up on the elements of the rhythm and blues and combined it with traditional Jamaican mento music. The result was the first wave of ska. Musically, ska is "a shuffle-rhythm close to mento but even closer to the backbeat of the r&b, with the accent on the second and fourth beats, often moving in a 12-bar blues-frame. The afterbeat, strummed by a rhythm guitar or played on the piano . . . came to be characteristic of the form" (Davis and Simon 38). A horn section, usually consisting of trumpets, trombones, and saxophones, was vital to the music. Skilled musicians began to team up. Classic bands, such as the Skatalites, were formed and backed up vocal groups and singers. The Wailers (including Bob Marley, Peter Tosh, and Bunny Livingston), Desmond Dekker, the Maytals, and Laurel Aitken were the most popular performers at the time. Songs written about Trench Town (the ghettoes), rude boys (street thugs), and about romance were prevalent, however, religious themes could also be found in the songs. In 1965, the Skatalites disbanded, and slowly ska transformed into another type of music, rock steady. Rock ste! ady is more dependent on the rhythm, provided by the bass guitar and drums, than ska was. For the meantime, ska took a backseat to the new styles sweeping the country. After ska had been developed in Jamaica, it was "exported" by artists traveling to Great Britain. There it was known as "blue beat." By the mid 1970's, early British punk bands were infusing reggae, a style of music that came from rock steady, into their music. Near the end of the decade, bands began to use ska instead of reggae because of its upbeat, danceable rhythm. This faster paced ska came to be known as 2 tone. One of the messages of 2 tone ska was the promotion of racial harmony. One of the symbols of 2 tone was a cartoon character named Walt Jabsco, a man in a black suit, white shirt, black tie, sunglasses, pork pie hat, white socks and black loafers. The use of black and white in the drawing was supposed to symbolize the peaceful coexistence of different races. As Strauss noted, "The attitude of ska music has always been one of having fun in the face of oppression, as encapsulated in a warning made famous by the Jamaican legend Prince Buster: 'Enjoy yourself! . It's later than you think.'" (n. pag.). The third wave of ska began around 1990 in America. Bands influenced by the 2 tone ska scene began to use more punk and metal music. The combination is much faster than 2 tone, and sounds very different from the original Jamaican brand of ska. The sound has transformed much since its

Woodrow Wilson 28th President of the United States

Woodrow Wilson 28th President of the United States Woodrow Wilsons Childhood and Education: Born on December 28, 1856 in Staunton, Virginia, Thomas Woodrow Wilson soon moved to Augusta, Georgia. He was taught at home. In 1873, he went to Davidson College but soon dropped out due to health issues. He entered the College of New Jersey which is now called Princeton in 1875. He graduated in 1879. Wilson studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1882. He soon decided to go back to school and become an educator. He earned a Ph.D. in Political Science from Johns Hopkins University. Family Ties: Wilson was the son of Joseph Ruggles Wilson, a Presbyterian Minister, and Janet Jessie Woodrow Wilson. He had two sisters and one brother. On June 23, 1885, Wilson married Ellen Louis Axson, the daughter of a Presbyterian minister. She died in the White House while Wilson was president on August 6, 1914. On December 18, 1915, Wilson would remarry Edith Bolling Galt  at her home while he was still president. Wilson had three daughters by his first marriage: Margaret Woodrow Wilson, Jessie Woodrow Wilson, and Eleanor Randolph Wilson. Woodrow Wilsons Career Before the Presidency: Wilson served as a professor at Bryn Mawr College from 1885-88 and then as professor of history at Wesleyan University from 1888-90. He then became a professor of political economy at Princeton. In 1902, he was appointed President of Princeton University serving until 1910. Then in 1911, Wilson was elected as the Governor of New Jersey. He served until 1913 when he became president. Becoming the President - 1912: Wilson desired to be nominated for the presidency and campaigned for the nomination. He was nominated by the Democratic Party with Thomas Marshall as his vice president. He was opposed not only by incumbent President William Taft but also by Bull Moose candidate Theodore Roosevelt. The Republican Party was divided between Taft and Roosevelt which meant that Wilson easily won the presidency with 42% of the vote. Roosevelt had received 27% and Taft and won 23%. Election of 1916: Wilson was renominated to run for the presidency in 1916 on the first ballot along with Marshall as his Vice President. He was opposed by Republican Charles Evans Hughes. At the time of the election, Europe was at war. The Democrats used the slogan, He kept us out of war, as they campaigned for Wilson. There was much support, however, for his opponent and Wilson won in a close election with 277 out of 534 electoral votes. Events and Accomplishments of Woodrow Wilson’s Presidency: One of the first events of Wilsons presidency was the passage of the Underwood Tariff. This reduced tariff rates from 41 to 27%. It also created the first federal income tax after the passage of the 16th Amendment. In 1913, the Federal Reserve Act created the Federal Reserve system to help deal with economic highs and lows. It provided banks with loans and helped smooth out business cycles. In 1914, the Clayton Anti-Trust Act was passed to help labor have more rights. It allowed important labor tools like strikes, pickets, and boycotts. During this time, a revolution was occurring in Mexico. In 1914, Venustiano Carranza took over the Mexican government. However, Pancho Villa held much of northern Mexico. When Villa crossed into America in 1916 and killed 17 Americans, Wilson sent 6,000 troops under General John Pershing to the area. Pershing pursued Villa into Mexico upsetting the Mexican government and Carranza. World War I began in 1914 when Archduke Francis Ferdinand was assassinated by a Serbian nationalist. Due to agreements made among  the European nations, many eventually joined the war. The Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, and Bulgaria fought against the Allies: Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Japan, Portugal, China, and Greece. America remained neutral at first but eventually entered the war in 1917 on the side of the allies. Two reasons were the sinking of the British ship Lusitania which killed 120 Americans and the Zimmerman telegram which revealed that Germany was trying to get an agreement with Mexico to form an alliance if the U.S. entered the war. America officially entered the war on April 6, 1917. Pershing led American troops into battle helping to defeat the Central Powers. An armistice was signed on November 11, 1918. The Treaty of Versailles signed in 1919 blamed the war on Germany and demanded huge reparations. It also created a League of Nations. In the end, the Senate would not ratify the treaty and would never join the League. Post-Presidential Period: In 1921, Wilson retired in Washington, D.C. He was very sickly. On February 3, 1924, he died of complications from a stroke. Historical Significance: Woodrow Wilson played a huge role in determining if and when America would get involved in World War I. He was an isolationist at heart who attempted to keep America out of war. However, with the Lusitania, the continued harassment of American ships by German submarines, and the release of the Zimmerman Telegram, America would not be held back. Wilson fought for the League of Nations to help avert another World War which won him the 1919 Nobel Peace Prize.

WIKI Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

WIKI - Assignment Example iv. Leadership and management skills. Should be in a position of coming up with new ideas and coordinating all the activities of the organization. Through this, he/she would become an invaluable asset for the company. The position of a warehouse supervisor would be filled by the most suitable candidate. The successful candidate would be granted a five-year contract which would be renewable upon expiry. The monthly package would be between $ 5,000 and $7,000. It is the responsibility of the warehouse supervisor to be in charge of the day to day operations of the warehouse. A part from coordinating all its activities, the supervisor would keep the record of the stock in and out. The position of an Administration Assistant would be filled by the most competent and highly qualified professional. It is a 3-year contract which can be renewed upon expiry. The monthly salary would range from $2,000 up to $6,000. The Administration Assistant would be in charge of administration. He/she would be responsible for discharging administrative duties on day to day basis. The other role would be taking and keeping records on different issues within the organization. As a junior staff, the Administration Assistant would be expected to perform any other duties delegated to them by their seniors (Gomez-Mejia et al.,

Competing Values Framework tes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Competing Values Framework tes - Research Paper Example One of the dimensions related to organizational focus ranging from internal emphasis on staffs within an organization to the external focus that covers the outward relations of the organization. Their second dimension was concerned with differences between control and stability versus flexibility and change (Hamm 1993). The framework has other important aspects in addition to its original role as a leadership tool. It is a relevant tool for use across all levels within an organization. Scholars developed its name because initially, the four models that form as its pillars seemed to carry conflicting messages. Stakeholders desired to have adaptable, flexible, stable, and controlled organizations at the same time. Core Assumptions The Competing Values Framework consists of four quadrants. The first segment is the internal process model. This model bases on hierarchy, documentation, emphasises measurement, and management of information. The four processes are responsible for enhancing c ontrol and stability. It is essential to note that hierarchies function well when time is not an important factor and when an employee has sufficient knowledge about the requirements of the job. The second quadrant is the open systems model (O’Neill 1993). This model operates on organic system, readiness, resource acquisition and support, emphasises on adaptability, and growth. The processes do not control employees but inspires them. This efforts lead to staffs being innovative and creative. Rational goal model is the third core assumption of the Competing Values Model. The model centres on profit and emphasises on rational actions. The model has various assumptions that include a notion that proper planning and setting of goals leads to productivity and efficiency. The plan of action in this case, entails clarification of tasks, setting of objectives, and taking action. The final assumption is the human relations model (Hooijberg 996). This model puts a lot of emphasis on c ohesion and morale among employees. Motivation of employees according to the model comes from efficient training programs for employees. It considers employees as constituents of the organization existing in a common social system. The Competing Values Framework considers the four models that appear different and disjointed as a unit. They are related and interconnected. They fall under one large domain of organizational and managerial effectiveness. They are the invisible values that propel people, policies, and programs. Organizations live and die because of them. Application The Competing Values Framework applies in many areas within institutions and business organizations. It applies to individual styles, assess communication within organizations, and serves as a tool to analyse the degree of leadership. It helps in developing and building organizational culture for adoption by employees. This creates core competences necessary for success of a particular company. The human reso urces department within the organization uses its efficiency design motivational schemes, employee selection criteria, and the quality of employees (Quinn and Rohrbaugh 1983). The management of organizations can use the same to develop the best human resource practices, organizational capabilities, and develop change patterns. These developments are important when setting financial performance. The values of the framework apply across all ranks within organizati

Predatory Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Predatory Crime - Essay Example First, all the situations in which burglary or theft is raised by supplies, services or money. All the situations in which the individuals are motivated to become criminals. Secondly, all the circumstances which makes the use of crime ethical and legitimate to the individuals. Like unemployment, poverty etc. The third context refers to all those individuals who are now leading a successful life by transforming into thriving criminals and taking 'any form' of predatory crime as a profession. These expert thieves are sometimes affiliated with musclemen or organizers in a fourth context of rational crimes, the context in which crime becomes an economic enterprise fulfilling the demands of a market (Ferrington, 1991). It may seem odd, but it is true that majority of the offenders' contentment lies in the fact that their crimes are seen as a part of escalating crime. For any particular offender, a predatory crime might be more easily accomplished if the victim believes that the offender is one of the frightening new variety to which the media have been paying so much attention lately. An example of this phenomenon can be found in the Black Hand crime wave that terrorized residents of New York in the first few years of the 20th century. Black Hand extortion was successful because victims believed that their offenders were part of a large and powerful criminal conspiracy, which suggests that the victims were somehow related to psychological issues. This attitude of the victims encouraged Black Hand operations to expand in small groups or even sole operators; they used the threat of the powerful organization to accomplish their criminal ends. Thus, the snowball effect of newspaper coverage created a kind of momentum that made it much easier to be an extortionist. Unsceptically, victims are the most vocal claimants who claim of the crime. It is through the claims of the victims that attention is drawn to the dilemma of increasing crime and now people are tending more towards the measures and precautions necessary to control the consequences responsible to the advent of these crimes, atleast to some extent. Several victim advocates have become familiar figures in the American popular cultural landscape. John Walsh, for instance, the father of murdered child Adam Walsh, became an early spokesperson in the movement to protect missing and exploited children. Subsequently, he became the host of the very popular Fox television program America's Most Wanted and later host of his own daytime television talk show. Less visible, but perhaps not less influential is Candy Lightener, founder of MADD, Mothers Against Drunk Driving. In May 1980 her 13-year-old daughter was killed by a hit-and-run driver in a Sacramento suburb. It was later discovered that the intoxicated driver was on probation for a previous DUI ("driving under the influence") conviction and the leniency with which the driver was treated by the justice system prompted her to take action to

Breach of Confidentiality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Breach of Confidentiality - Essay Example This means that a physician cannot reveal any information of the patient during the course of treatment unless under the patients approval. The essence of physician’s responsibility is to preserve patients’ confidentiality, and help them to be open and able to give all the information regarding their health status. This is done with the assurance that the physician will safeguard such personal information. The honest revelation by the patient provides for a proper and effective treatment of the condition. There are, however, exemptions, for instance, if a patient may hurt others or himself or herself. A breach of confidentiality refers to the revelation of the patients’ medical information to another person without the patients’ permission by a physician or medical health expert. The revelation can be electronically, through word of mouth, or through writing. Thus, the physician’s responsibility of safeguarding the patients’ medical records sometimes has to relent to the interests of the whole. Â  In Estate of Behringer v Princeton Medical Centre (1990), the late Behringer, working as a surgeon at the medical centre, suffered from AIDS. Behringer received treatment from the same hospital. His chart containing information about his diagnosis was not safeguarded at the nurses’ location on the floor where it was kept. The exposure of the information on his diagnosis revealed his medical condition, making the hospital necessitate his patients to sign a form recognizing the dangers to their health. Eventually, this resulted to the deferral of the doctor’s surgical rights (McHale, 1993). The inability of the hospital to protect his personal medical information led to Behringer’s estate suing the hospital for breach of confidentiality. The breach of confidentiality occurred in the sense that the hospital was supposed to safeguard the chart containing the surgeon’s diagnosis information. However, they instead left the chart

Pursue litigation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pursue litigation - Essay Example This ensures that people do not take advantage of legal loop holes to cause damage to others property or image. However, there may be chances where changes in the wider society happen so fast as to outpace changes in law. Tort damages are financial damages that are required from the offending party. These are required to make up for the injuries caused to the injured party. These damages differ as they are dependent on the injury and may include present or future injuries, mental distress, loss of wages amongst other tortuous behavior. There are three types of torts; intentional torts, negligence, and strict liability. Intentional torts result when a person causes damage intentionally; for instance, if one slaps another with an aim of causing harm, such is considered an intentional tort (Lunney & Oliphant, 2008). A similar act perpetrated unintentionally may not be regarded as intentional tort but might be considered a negligent act. Negligent act qualifies as tort. An important observation here is that tort does not always result from intended acts but also results from unintended acts with potentiality of harm, in this case the tort is referred to as strict liability. When a defendant is charged under strict liability, it means that their engagements, though innocent present potential liability to those around. All these classes of tort attract potential charges as they pose actual or potential injury to people. Unfortunately, not all people are aware of the existence of these and are ignorant of the likely consequences. This means that they do not know what action to take and often their rights are continually trampled. To understand the likely results and redress, such individuals require legal counsel. First, they need to understand what translates into a tort. They should seek damages for such action as these are likely to result to loss either financially or due to the distrust

Breach of Confidentiality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Breach of Confidentiality - Essay Example This means that a physician cannot reveal any information of the patient during the course of treatment unless under the patients approval. The essence of physician’s responsibility is to preserve patients’ confidentiality, and help them to be open and able to give all the information regarding their health status. This is done with the assurance that the physician will safeguard such personal information. The honest revelation by the patient provides for a proper and effective treatment of the condition. There are, however, exemptions, for instance, if a patient may hurt others or himself or herself. A breach of confidentiality refers to the revelation of the patients’ medical information to another person without the patients’ permission by a physician or medical health expert. The revelation can be electronically, through word of mouth, or through writing. Thus, the physician’s responsibility of safeguarding the patients’ medical records sometimes has to relent to the interests of the whole. Â  In Estate of Behringer v Princeton Medical Centre (1990), the late Behringer, working as a surgeon at the medical centre, suffered from AIDS. Behringer received treatment from the same hospital. His chart containing information about his diagnosis was not safeguarded at the nurses’ location on the floor where it was kept. The exposure of the information on his diagnosis revealed his medical condition, making the hospital necessitate his patients to sign a form recognizing the dangers to their health. Eventually, this resulted to the deferral of the doctor’s surgical rights (McHale, 1993). The inability of the hospital to protect his personal medical information led to Behringer’s estate suing the hospital for breach of confidentiality. The breach of confidentiality occurred in the sense that the hospital was supposed to safeguard the chart containing the surgeon’s diagnosis information. However, they instead left the chart

Does malcom x deserve the honor of being on a U.S. stamp Essay

Does malcom x deserve the honor of being on a U.S. stamp - Essay Example He later died of an assassination on February 21 1965 (Draper 48). The USPS has strategies that recognize distinguished contributors in the history of the U.S. This is courtesy of the USPS Black Heritage Series that recognizes overlooked historic contributors in America. Among the leaders recognized in the strategy, include Martin Luther King, Jr., Scott Joplin, Sojourner Truth and other leaders in the country’s history. The USPS, through a committee, nominates leaders and historic contributors from a diversity of fields. Such fields include entrepreneurs, scientists, political and social activists. On 20 January 1999, the USPS announced and made celebration for featuring Malcolm X as among the list of notable contributors in the history of the country. That was courtesy of the 33-cent stamp, which bears the photograph of Malcolm X. The USPS featured a photograph of Malcolm X on a 33-cent stamp as a form of honor attributed to his contribution to the history of the country. This was part of the black heritage remembrance series. The decision by USPS triggered the debate on whether he held credit for the recognition (Cooks 161). Malcolm X did not deserve the honor of being on a U.S stamp. The honor by USPS has its basis on appreciation of the nominees in making the history of the country. Malcolm X does not fit the description of one among the great contributors of the history of the country. He was a renowned advocate of Black Nationalism. He was notably in opposition with the nonviolent policies and multiracial approach to having the challenges the blacks faced end, his contribution remains immense. This formed a major reason for their differences with Martin Luther Jr. The two leaders never shared common ways of advocating for the rights of the people. The contribution of Malcolm X in coming up with various acts advocating for the rights of the blacks remains promoted violence. His participation in the 1964 debate over the Civil Rights Act remains a

Economic Systems Essay Example for Free

Economic Systems Essay Under a capitalist economic system, individuals own all resources, both human and non-human. Governments intervene only minimally in the operation of markets, primarily to protect the private-property rights of individuals. Free markets in which suppliers and demanders can enter and exit the market at their own discretion are fundamental to the capitalist economic system. The concept of laissez-faire, that is, leaving the coordination of individuals wants to be controlled by the market, is also a tenet of capitalism. In a capitalist system, individuals own resources, either through inheritance or through industry. The individual receives compensation for the use of resources by others. This, combined with inherited wealth of the person, determines an individuals spending power. The accumulated spending power and the willingness of individuals to allocate resources to consumption determine demand. The availability and costs of resources, together with the potential for profits of firms, determine supply. In a market system the demand of consumers combined with the supply of producers determine what and how much will be produced. Socialism Under a socialist economic system, individuals own their own human capital and the government owns most other, non-human resources— that is, most of the major factors of production are owned by the state. Land, factories, and major machinery are publicly owned. A socialist system is a form of command economy in which prices and production are set by the state. Movement of resources, including the movement of labor, is strictly controlled. Resources can only move at the direction of the centralized planning authority. Economic decisions about what and how much, how, and for whom are all made by the state through its central planning agencies. Communism Under a communist economic system, all resources, both human and non-human, are owned by the state. The government takes on a central planning role directing both production and consumption in a socially desirable manner. Central planners forecast a socially beneficial future and determine the production needed to obtain that outcome. The central planners make all decisions, guided by what they believe to be good for the country. The central planners also allocate the production to consumers based on their assessment of the individuals need. Basic human needs and wants would be met according to the Marxist principle, From each according to his ability to produce, to each according to his need.

Identification of Unknown Compound using 13C NMR

Identification of Unknown Compound using 13C NMR Identification of Unknown Compound #15 using 13C NMR and IR Spectra Paired with Melting Point Analysis Abstract Given an unknown compound, infrared (IR) spectroscopy can be used to determine the functional groups that make up the compound. This can be supplemented with 13C NMR spectroscopy and melting point analysis to determine the identity of the unknown compound. After completion of the analysis methods, it was determined that the identity of the unknown compound (unknown #15) is p-Methylaniline (p-Toluidine), C7H9N (Figure 1). Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is extensively used instrumental technique in organic chemistry. It is the measurement of the wavelength and intensity of the absorption of mid-infrared light by a sample. Mid-infrared is energetic enough to excite molecular vibrations to higher energy levels. The wavelength of infrared absorption bands is characteristic of specific types of chemical bonds, and infrared spectroscopy finds its greatest utility for identification of functional groups within organic molecules (1). An infrared spectrophotometer is an instrument that passes infrared light through an organic molecule and produces a spectrum that contains a plot of the amount of light transmitted on the vertical axis against the wavelength of infrared radiation on the horizontal axis. In infrared spectra the absorption peaks point downward because the vertical axis is the percentage transmittance of the radiation through the sample (2). Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) can be used to complement IR spectroscopy. While IR can determine functional groups, NMR can determine the molecular structure. Finding the melting point of the unknown can help to determine the purity of the compound. Results IR Data: Functional Group Molecular Motion Observed Wavenumber (cm-1) Literature Value Range1-3 (cm-1) Peak Intensity Peak Shape N-H Stretch 3333.85 3335 Weak Sharp C-H Stretch 2914.73 2780 Weak Sharp C=C Stretch 1621.28 1600-1430 Medium Sharp C-H Bending(in plane) 1274.33 1275-1000 Medium Narrow 13C NMR Data: Atom Atom Group Peak Observed (ppm) Peak Calculated (ppm) 1 C-N 144 144 2 and 6 CH 115 115.2 3 and 5 CH 130 129.60 4 C=C 127 126.7 7 CH3 21 21.26 Melting Point Data: Observed Melting Point Range ( °C) Literature Melting Point Range4 ( °C) Trial 1 44-47 44-45 Trial 2   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   44-45 Discussion The IR analysis of the unknown compound 15 determined that it consists of a benzene ring, amino and methyl groups. According to the referred literature (3) values of 3335-3400 range for stretches are evident which indicates primary amines. The spectrum shows primary amines stretch at 3333.85 Next can be noticed that CH stretches from the benzene ring occur at 3014.65 and 2914.73. C=C stretches are known to occur at the 1600-1430 according to literature, and in this spectra are illustrated at 1621.28 At 1274.33C-H bend is evident. This spectrum correlates well with literature values which confirms successful identification of p-methylaniline. The melting point analysis was used to determine the purity of the unknown sample. The literature values for p-methylaniline range from 44-45 °C (4) and the observed melting point values were 44-47 °C for trial 1 and 44-45 °C for trial 2. The trial 1 has a higher melting point compare to the literature values. This could be due to the amount of sample placed in the capillary tubes as well as the purity of the sample (4). Because trial 1 has such a large range, the sample may not be pure. The results from the 13C NMR showed that compound contained summetry. Two peaks of the same height were observed at about 115 and 130ppm and two other peaks at 144 and 127ppm. According to the literature values aromatic carbons appear between 120-160ppm (3), which helped to determine that this compound contains a benzene ring. It was noted as well that one other peak appeared much further downfield at 21ppm. Using an NMR predictor, the peaks for p-methylaniline were calculated to be 144, 115.2, 129.60, 126.7 and 21.26 ppm, which match the observed peaks. Conclusion After performing IR spectroscopy, melting point and 13C NMR analysis, it was found that unknown compound 15 is p-methylaniline. P-methylaniline contains a benzene ring, methyl and amine groups in a p- position. Based on slight deviations in the melting point, the sample could have some impurities. An error could be improper loading of the sample in the capillary tube. So to avoid this chemical error, a better laboratory technique could be used. References IR Spectroscopy:Mohrig J.R. et al. Techniques in Organic Chemistry 2nd Ed. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Skoog, D. A., Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 3rd Ed   Stawikowski, M. Experiment 2: Identification of unknown compound based on IR spectroscopy, melting point analysis and supplemental 13C NMR spectroscopy data; BlackBoard Smiley RA (2000). Ullmanns Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. John Wiley and Sons.

Character Analysis of Fluer Pillager Essay -- essays research papers

Fleur Pillager 1 Character Analysis of Fleur Pillager Fleur Pillage is the most extraordinary character in this story. She is not only physically powerful, but also spiritually strong. She is strong willed and resolute to live her life as she wants to. She never listens to the town or tribal gossip about her and let it repress her. People pretty much stay out of her way because she is extremely diverse. They are too afraid to try to understand her or get to know her. Her life force is drawn from the milieu. Her spirit seems to be analogous with nature. The immense energy of nature is a mystery and Fleur seems to have some power to control it, this also make her an ambiguity. The two traits that I most admire about her are the fact that she is an enigma and that she has a supernatural am...

Hair Gel :: Business Management Studies

Hair Gel Brylcreem (brill-cream) was created in 1929. It was also invented at the Chemico Works in Bradford Street in Birmingham. Brylcreem was the first mass-marketed men's hair care product. Its purpose is to keep combed hair in place. The shiny look it gave to the hair was also fashionable for a time. Other substances, including petroleum jelly, were in use for this purpose earlier. During this time Brylcreem had the jingle which was "Brylcreem A Little Dab'll Do Ya" which was introduced to the TV viewers at that time. This greasy substance used by men, so they could slick and style down their hair. It comes in a tube and a small amount is squeezed out, rubbed between the palms, and applied to the head. The company brylcreem has been around for a long time. They market gels, wax and cream. Brylcreem are still around today, but they are not as popular as they were back then. They also tried to come back into the market as they tried to introduce new products and new packaging which was in 2002. The problem they had was that they sat back and let other companies join in. At that time they did not market very well. So now at the moment, not that many people use the product. So this company shouldn’t really be a problem for me. Dax This Company has just started over in the UK but is quite well known in the USA. The company has been established in 1983 in the USA and brought over to UK in the year 1994. There weakness is that they are not well known but are beginning to be known quite well. They have no marketing strategies out. They have two types of waxes out on the market. One of them is called â€Å"wave and groom† and the other â€Å"short and neat†. People have made complaints about there products before. The wave and groom product because it actually sticks to your hair like glue and people also say because their product is partly made out of oil it id hard to get out of your hair. They also supply a shampoo to get the wax out but it doesn’t say that on the wave and groom tin. They are a not so big here as they are in USA so my product should be able to withstand them. TRE semme TRE semme only do only one type of wax. They also do fibre putty which is a sticky wax. TRE semme has only been marketed nation- wide from August 2004. The products they do are shampoo’s, mousse,

Gemeinschaft vs Gesellschaft Communities

First of all, we need to understand the difference between Gamesmanship and Escalating communities. The terms Gamesmanship (community) and Escalating (society) were derived from a famous sociologist, Toneless, Ferdinand (1855-1936). Modernization Is destroying the close knit communities that are considered Shamelessness and making them more Like a Escalating community (Donovan, 1996, p. 4). Gamesmanship society is a community that is tightly knitted together.They survive on their own resources and are opposed o relying on any type of modernization for help. It is a community that relies completely on each other for survival and support, as a result not needing to rely on the government. By living In their own structure, they are able to control all aspects of life such as religion; schools; medical; and food. Having their own regulated rules, there Is no need for police or Jails. They do not use technology but rely on the earth for their everyday needs.Ralph Salesman (1976) implied t hat it is an established community that allows everyone to share the same beliefs and assets, regardless of heir abilities and strengths as long as they follow the rules of the community. There were some allowances made for a few of them that may be a little boisterous. It Is a community that stays focused and helps each other out no matter how big or small the problem may be. There Is no ridicule or Judgment as everyone Is treated the same and wears the same type of clothing (Affirmative Action, Delivered Equality and the Concept of Community, p. 7).Escalating is complainingly the same but on a different spectrum. Escalating is considered a community but on a larger level. In his large community, there are many types of religion, different schools, beliefs and nationalities. The Escalating community Is more modernized, relying on technology and modernization to survive. Along with the many different personalities and According to Ben Singer (1996), Escalating derived from Gamesmans hip as urban life gave way to modernization. Folks were more interested in gaining their own profits removing themselves from the uncompetitive society.As modernization progressed so did the competition between people. Everyone was out for themselves, not caring hat obstacles they had to Jump over or who they hurt in the process to get ahead (Serial Melodrama, p. 78). Both communities are governed by leaders. Leadership occurs at all levels and helps in the aide of organization, Next we have to understand leadership theories and styles. Leadership is influencing others to follow. Some of the traits of a leader are drive, motivation, honesty and integrity, self-confidence, cognitive ability, business knowledge.It does not matter what skills or traits a leader may have because they still carry out their leadership in a type of style (Cliff Notes, p. 1). These styles are: Authoritarian Leader who is a person who likes to give orders; Democratic Leader leads by trying to get a consensus ; Expressive Leader is a person who tries to reduce conflict by creating harmony; Instrumental Leader is an individual who tries to keep a group focused on a goal; and lastly, Laissez-fairer Leader which is an individual who is highly permissive (Heinlein, p. 169).By using a hypothesis in leadership theory, we can try to assist the unrest between the Gamesmanship and Escalating communities. As the idea that arbitration destroys community has deep roots in sociology. Townies viewed small towns as the model for Gamesmanship. In a Gamesmanship, each person is embedded in a close-knit network of relatives and friends. Members of the community have a common ancestry and common values, aspirations, and traditions, as well as many common roles. Shared histories, common activities, and frequent face-to-face relations help to create strong social and emotional bonds.In a Gamesmanship community, people tend to remain what they were born to be. Most individuals live and die in the same small a rea. As a result, people think of their identity in terms of their place within the community. Townies concept of Gamesmanship and Escalating, is considered as one of the â€Å"discipline's most enduring and fruitful concepts for studying social change† (Bender, 17 as cited in Christenson). Urban, industrial society, according to Townies, is dramatically different.It is a Escalating because people are linked together through formal organizations and markets, rather than informal relations and a sense of belonging. Big cities represent Escalating. Their dense populations guarantee that many of the people who encounter each other in the course of a typical day will be strangers and their interactions will be impersonal. Relationships tend to be superficial, even with neighbors. These neighbors come from different backgrounds, so they do not necessarily share ancestry, values or attitudes.Nor are they likely to have the same work roles, since work in urban society is highly spec ialized. These differences can create social distance (Bell, 1973). The different family ties lead too peaceful modern society which is respectful of its inhabitants. Linking of basic ties is important so that there is a sense of belongingness to a nation through shred ties of operation and strength. The modernity of society today have brought along new belief systems as well as rapid changes which have denied a sense of nationhood but focuses mainly on individual goals.The Gamesmanship society achieves pure communities must be fair and in cases when there is money being questioned, the leader comes up with a balance program between being firm and being gentle with these people. Directing assertive behaviors in a direction of realistic goals formulated by the community is the first step. The aim is to shift the youth of the community room a wish for immediate magical transformation to instrumental behaviors. The youth of the Gamesmanship society must be helped to gain control over h is or her life space as a means to achieving genuine power.Addictive persons tend to resist working toward long-term goals which involve postponement of gratification and the exercise of self-discipline. It may be necessary to set short-term, easily achievable goals at first. There must be a need to teach clients to give themselves â€Å"strokes† when they achieve small successes. They will tend to look to the counselor for approval and e may be tempted to oblige (Bell, 1973). Another issue which often emerges in counseling youth of the Escalating community is that of achieving intimacy.Helping male clients to establish non-exploitative relationships with women with whom they have tended to fear will sometimes emerge as important aspect of counseling. For perfectionist female clients, the problem is that they tend to keep a distance out of fear that self-revelation may lead to criticism and rejection. Counseling will seek to help young males to deplorable their views of women , and young women to be more pen and assertive with respect to their feelings. Consciousness-raising and assertiveness training will be important aspects of the counseling in solving the problem (Bell, 1973).Resolution of personal feelings of inadequacy will remove the need to alter reality with a â€Å"fix. † Nevertheless, the physiological response of some individuals to drugs, once habituated is so compelling that counseling of the family alone is insufficient (Bell, 1973). In removing the family, some communities like the monasteries emphasize ideology based on love (Hillier Jar. G, 1984). Recognition of the reverence and seriousness of issues among individuals in both communities and its relationship to violent reactions present a great challenge to society.The social inequalities endured by the youths handed down from generation to generation need to be looked into by the government. The youths with low self-esteem are more likely to drop out from school and eventually indulge in violent behaviors and drug abuse than those who are well motivated to stay in school and recognize a bright future ahead. Striving for a better solution to the problems of leaving school will solve the problems of students who resort to gangs and drug selling.The best effort will be the education of these youth so that they are aware from the start about their transformation and their contribution to society in general. Thus, it is important that the there will be programs to strengthen family structure in both kinds of communities so that it creates a positive environment for the educational motivation and support for their children, Parents who generate a sense of security in the family will help resolve the social insecurities, which will help these youths handle conflicts ND frustrations that will keep them away from violent behaviors.

Bribe & Ethical

This study will discuss about the concept of organization’s social performance and economic performance. Economic performance deals with an organization’s main objective likes profit, revenue and cost while the social performance of an organization is their responsibilities to the society in relation to various ethical values in business. Ethical values are very important in a business. All ethical questions relate to what is right, just, and fair. â€Å"Terms like â€Å"professional ethics,† â€Å"work ethics,† and â€Å"business ethics† are misnomers.The principles we use in the workplace should be the same principles we use in other areas of our lives – they’re just applied to business situations. † In the present competitive world many organizations focus on their ultimate goal of profit maximization without any consideration of their means to achieving the goals. The impact of globalization creates a lot of opportunities in the business to transcend national boundaries. Many multinational companies have started their operations in other countries. In this backdrop where competition is quite tough, some organizations try to pay bribe for their business existence in the host country.â€Å"MNC bribery takes many forms: direct monetary payoffs to political officials, positions in the enterprise for officials, family members, friends and/or cronies, paid excursions, partnerships, invitations to prestigious universities and scholarships for their children, etc. † Each country has its own culture and moral values. These principles are highly dependant on that particular country’s economic and social situation. â€Å"The major problem of international business ethics is bribery. No single country allows businessmen to offer and government officials to accept bribes for deals.† Bribery is generally considered a reprehensible offence even in countries where it is alleged to be common. This study relates with BIM, a UK based IT consultancy, and its problem for meeting both the economical and social performance. BIM starts their operations in Nigerian city of Lagos. During the initial times their operation was not successful and they failed to meet their target. After an evaluation of the business environment of Lagos BIM’s sales team finds that payment of commission is very a common practice in that area for any business deals.BIM decides to follow the common practice of that area for meeting their target. On the other hand, BIM strictly follows ethical values in their business and their code of ethics would consider these commissions to be bribery and, therefore, not allowed. In this situation, the Branch Director finds himself in a dilemma as on one side he has to meet the goal of their branch, and on the other maintain the organization’s culture. Most of the ethical issues in management are apparently simple. â€Å"Many business managers said that the ir companies strictly uphold the principle against any form of bribery.They would choose to give up commercial contracts if they were asked to pay bribes or â€Å"kickbacks† to secure them. † There is a dichotomous, yes or no choice; which brings in conflict the organization’s economic benefit and their ethical values in business. Ethical decisions are not simple choices between right and wrong. In a case of bribery, it may affect the organization’s value and culture at the same time bribery can also create a bad precedent. â€Å"In developed countries, the moral expectations of the host country are as stringent as our own.With third world host countries, though the moral expectations often more lax, and multinationals are tempted to lower their standards when situations permit. † Bribery is a common practice in all of the third world countries; especially in bureaucracies most of these countries suffer acute problems of bribery in the areas of educ ation, health and other social welfare sector. Many multinational companies exploit these corrupted officials for their business purposes, selling off lesser quality products and violating the government rules and indulging in other unethical activities with the helps of these corrupted officials.†Market power is highly dependent on political relations with the state through a series of complex networks of ‘intermediaries’ who negotiate monetary and other payoffs in exchange for a range of highly profitable concessions. † In this type of business environment an organization can only meet its economical performance by promoting bribery but they will not be able to meet their social performance and they also risk neglecting the social responsibilities.In the context of BIM, the branch director has two options: the first is to pay the commission and make a good market for his product in that area; but this activity can be create a bad social situation. The seco nd option is to stick to the company’s tradition. The corrupted official can get more chances to earn money and they are ready to agree any types of products sales in that area. They are not bothered about the quality and benefit of product. Social responsibility of an organization is to provide quality product to customers and protect the market from illegal business practices. So the branch manager Mr.Thomas Harvey wants to follow his organization’s ethical codes against bribery and try to promote legal method of business promotion other wise he would have decided to pay commission and achieve a good business. It is not the part of BIM’s organization’s culture to pay bribe for business interests and it is not a suitable method for BIM’s long term business policy. Any other organization would be able to pay higher commission rather than BIM’s to penetrate the market. In this type of unethical business environment there is no stable growth, all business dealings would depend on the bribery and other illegal activities.BIM’s business practice is meeting both the economical and social performance their by maintaining their customers’ trust and loyalty in any where in the world with any type of business environment. So in this situation Mr. Thomas Harvey wants to give more priority to the social performance of his organization and therefore avoid unethical business practices. Works Cited What is business ethics? Scribbler’s Ink, copyright  © 2005, all rights reserved. http://www. scribblers-ink. com/business_ethics. html (accessed March 13, 2007).Petras, James. United States. Economic Empire Building: The Centrality of Corruption. http://www. socialistviewpoint. org/janfeb_07/janfeb_07_10. html (accessed March 13, 2007). Global Ethics in Global Economy. Editorial 15th Issue. Hong Kong Ethic Development Center. Ethics in Practice. http://www. icac. org. hk/hkedc/ethics/eip/edc005_e. htm (accessed Mar ch 13, 2007). Fieser, James. Business Ethics. Doing Business in Foreign Countries. http://www. utm. edu/staff/jfieser/vita/research/Busbook. htm (accessed March 13, 2007).

HW1 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

HW1 - Research Paper Example Of all the above solvents the use of diisobutyl ketone is less hazardous since it is miscible with most organic solvents and immiscible with water, it has a slow evaporating rate but has a high boiling point, has a good viscosity reduction, reduction of surface tension in high-solid coating. The major damage can be caused by spillages of which may result in irritation and burns to the eyes, nose, throat and skin, rashes to the skin, there might be cases of skin allergy with rash and itchiness. This can be control via the use of Butyl neoprene (gloves and boots), coveralls and respirators (full facepiece APR with OV cartridges 20ppm supplied air.). The basic function of any respirator is usually to protect from inhaling of hazardous chemicals or gases, they include full face piece respirator, half mask piece respirator, quarter mask respirator. The full face piece covers the greatest area from around the hairline to the chin as compared to half mask which covers from nose to chin and quarter mask which covers only the eye and the nose, hence the most appropriate to use is the full face piece since it ensures maximum area covered hence high protection. As mentioned above other hazards may include reactive hazards, this are mostly caused by release of gases which in turn burns/explode or causes high pressure hence inflicting injury to a person. Also there is pyrophoric hazards, this are chemicals that ignite in the air at a temperature of about 130oF e.g. lithium, powered aluminum etc. the best way to prevent this is by seeking of toxicity data from literature, private sources or even